Ki Sur Tynrai ha ka Put ka Tem Khasi

Voice: Lamjingshai

                              

Ngin ïa phai sha ki sur tynrai ha ka put ka tem Khasi. Ha kane ka liang ki don ki sur ksing sur dhah, kiba long ki sur tem snieh lyngba ka bom ka nakra. Ka ksing shynrang ksing kynthei, ksing padiah ksing nalai, ka singphong bad ka kynshaw ïa ka sur (melody) la pyndonkam da ki jingput kum ka tangmuri, ka sharati ka shangwiah haba tem had ka bom ka ksing. Don ruh ki jingtem kum ka duitara, ka marynthing, ka maryng-od, ka mieng, ka put sla, ka besli, ka tanglod ka donglod, kaba lah ban tem bad ka jingrwai.

U longshuwa u la pynwandur ïa ka rukom tem ïa ki ksing ha ki skit bapher bapher. Ki don ki skit niam bad ki skit rong kiba long ki skit tem sngewtynnad khamtam ha ka shad ka kmen. Ki skit niam ba kham paw khmat ki long kita ki shiphew ksing arphewñiew sur ha ka lehniam lehrukom, ki don ruh ki khat-ar skit ha ka thepmawbah bad lai skit ka nguh heh ka nguh rit bad ka kyntang wai wot ha ka nguh meikha pakha.

Ki skit rong ba tem sngewtynnad ha ka kmen ka sngewbha ki bun jait bad kine ki ïapher na kawei ka thaiñ sha kawei pat namar ki don ka jingïadei kaba jan bad ka rukom trei rukom ktah ki briew la ka rep ka riang ne ka rukom im rukom man. Ki skit tem ksing kiba kham paw ki long ka dum dum, ka tyngkoh, ka padiah, ka nalai, ka lyngngai sngi, ka mastieh, ka shad wait ka ksing lynti, ka ksing rong ka kyntui, ka dong dong, ka rah kynthei, ka sing mareh, ka krud ksing rep, ka sing sur maw bad kumta ter ter. Ka rukom tem ka don ka shi dieng ka ar dieng, ka khrup, ka shikhup ka arkhup, ka pynthap bad kiwei kiwei.

Kine ki sur tynrai ki dei kijuh kiba la khot kum kita ki folk music namar ki dei kiba don la slem ha kata ka jaitbynriew bad la sam pateng la pateng lyngba ka jingkynmaw da kaba khlei ktien (oral transmission). Ka jingbatai ïa kine ki folk music la pdiang da ka International Folk Music Conference kunne harum:

Folk music is a music that has been submitted to the process of oral transmission. It is the product of evolution and is dependent on the circumstances of continuity, variation and selection.

Ki sur jingrwai nylla(folk songs) ruh ki dei ki sur tynrai kiba don ha ka traditional music. Kat kum ka jingbatai kaba don ha kylleng ka pyrthei shaphang ki sur tynrai ki sur jingrwai nylla, lah ban ong ba kine ki sur ki dei ki sur nongkynti jong kano kano ka jaitbynriew ne ka kynhun briew kaba long kum ki atiar bakhlaiñ ba ai ka jingsarong, ka jingphuhmut phuhmat bad kaba tehsong ia ka jingïatylli jingïalong  kawei bad jingkyrpang jong kata ka jaitbynriew. Ha man ki khep ba ïohsngew lane tem bad rwai ïa kine ki sur kata ka jaitbynriew, ka sngew khie im bad ïohbor. Ki sur nylla ki lah ban long ruh kito kiba don bad ki kyntien kita ngi ong ki jingrwai, ki phawar ki phadong, ka kynhoi ka duhoi bad kumta ter ter. Ïa ki kyntien kam pher ki lah ban long ki kyntien shnong jong kawei ka thaiñ bad kiba lah ruh ban kylla ha ka ktien skur ne skul ne kyntien thoh bad pule mynta. Ha kane ka liang ngim lah ban ïaid lait ïa kaei kaei kaba ki stad ki jhad ka pyrthei baïar ki batai bad ong shapang kane:

Folk songs are the spontaneous songs composed and sung by the common people of long ago, commemorating personal experiences of everyday life or uncommon events or characters of local interest.

Haba pynwan shaka ktien Khasi ka mut:

 Ki sur jingrwai nylla ki dei ki jingrwai kiba mih hi kumto na lade kiba la thaw bad rwai da u luk u lak u thab dab jong ki por naba rim naba jah, kiba pynsah nam sah kynmaw ïa ki jingshem ba shimet jong ka jingim ba man ka sngi lane ki jingjia bym  ju kham jia koit lane ïa ki briew kiba ïa pur ïa khana ïa tip ïa ithuh da ka dong ka thaiñ ne ka shnong ka thaw.

Ngin shim ruh sa kawei ka dang ne ka lyngkhot ba la pynshai da u Cecil Sharp, uba long u nonglum jingtip uba khraw ha ka liang ki sur nylla ka ri Bilat (English folk songs). U kren kumne ha ki kyntien jong u hi:

Some experts maintain that folk songs, like other songs, were composed in the past by individuals, and have been handed down more or less incorrectly by oral traditions.

Ha ka Khasi:

Don ki stad ki jhad kiba shim ne ñiew ba ki sur nylla kum kiwei pat ki jingrwai, la thaw ha ki por barim bajah da ki katto katne ki riew shimet, bad la ai pateng ïa ki malu mala ha ka rukom ka bym biang lut da kaba shu ïathuh ktien.

Hangne ngi ïohkem ba ki sur nylla jong kano kano ka jaitbynriew ne kynhun briew kim long janai shuh kum na sdang ba dang kynthong kita ki sur bad namar ba la ïathuh pateng ïa ki da ka ktien(word of mouth) lah ban don ka kum lait kum let hangne hangtai bym lah kynmaw shuh ia ki jnit ki jnat ki skit ki sker baroh kumba long mynnyngkong. Hynrei, kawei kajingmaïan jong kine ki sur ka long ba wat la ki kamra ki lah ban pher ne la pynkha tok hangne tok hangtai, u mawkhrum bad ka shynrong pdeng pat ba la oh tynrai uba rim bajah ki neh ki sah. Haba peit najngai (imagery) ne khamtam haba ïa nujor bad kiwei ki ïing thymmai kiba mynta, ngi ïohi ba kata ka ïing ki sur nylla ka dang don ka matti ba la oh shrong u hyndai hynthai. Dei hangne ba kawei na ki bynta kiba pynlong ïa ka kolshor ka trei kam. Kata ka long ba ka kolshor kaba khlaiñ kam dei ban sah hajuh(static) hynrei ka shim kylliang la kiei kiei kiba bha jong ka mynta khlem iehnoh ïa ka jor tynrai jong ka mynnor.

Ngi la ïohdak lehse, ba ki sur nylla ki dei ban long kiba la rim la jah, kiba don ka tynrai jong ka mynnor. Ki dei ban don ki nongthaw ïa kita ki sur bad ki shu wan hi kumto lehse ha ka jingïakynduh lang ha ka rong ka tamasa jong ki kur ki kha, ki kher ki mer, la ha ka shongkha shongman, ka rkai khynraw mynraw, ka rong ha thaw ha shnong ha thaw, ne ha ka hima sima ha ka lehniam leh rukom ruh. Ki lah ruh ban long ki sur ba kyoh mynthi ne ki sur ba pyn-ang muid, pynjaw ummat ne pyn ïapler ïap-ang jong u nongbiria nongphawar ban pynjah ïa ka thait ka jrem ka shnong ka thaw ha ka por prem miet hadien ba la wan phai na ka trei ka ktah. Lane, ka lah ban long ruh ki sur ba kyrsoi na ki krem synnia ka Marynthing ka Maryng-od ne na ki thymbrong ki saimuka ka Duitara kaba u longkñi u sneng u kraw ïa ki pyrsa ki para sawdong ka lyngwiar dpei. Nalor kine, ngim dei ban klet ba kin long nylla dei ban pdiang salonsar da ka jaitbynriew ne ka kynhun jaitbynriew bad dei u luk u lak u thab u dab uba long u nongbishar ba sngewhun ban ai ïa ka rai ba kata ka sur ka dei ka makynti jong ka jaidbynriew kaba ma u u long ka bynta..

Katto katne ki sur ba la lum bad wad bniah yn ai hangne. Kasur Kyntang wai Wot ki Nongtung Khasi sha ki khappud thaiñ ri Bhoi, ka pynkynmaw ïa ngi ïa ka dustur u barim uba jah haba ki khun kha khunlong ki phur ki siang ki nguh ki dem ïa la ki meikha pakha.

Da poi phi mo Beikha Da poi i oi khonkha
 Da poi te ino ji joh Da u sympih wa ka lama
 Adu kattu hi ne Bei te adu kattu hi ne pa
 Da wai kyntang wai wot ka piling bamja.

Katei ka jingrwai ka ktah ïa ka jingsngew myllung naduh dohnud (emotions) bad ïohi ruh ïa ka tynrai ba itynnad jong ka jaidbynriew. Ki kyntien khia thew mar ïarwai ki plie war ïa ki khuiñ ki synrang jong ka prang maw ba dum ka pyrkhat briew bad bak ka rah ïa ki nongsngap ban jngi sha kiwei pat ki por. Ka jingjanai lane ka quality jong ka literashor ong u William J. Long, ka dei ka jingai jingmut ne ka jingkdew jong ka (suggestiveness), ka jingkyntu kaba ktah ïa ka jingsngew bad jingmutdur(imaginations). Tang mar ïa rwai ‘Ka nguh meikha’ hato kam ktah bad rah ïa ngi ban mutdur kumno ki meikha bad ka khunkha ki ïa kren ïaphar ktien syllok hyndai lyngba ki jingrwai? Hato ngim ïohi bad sngew kumno kita ki meikha ki ong ‘ngin leh kumno khun haba poi kumne bad phi ngim don spah ei ei ban ai lait tang u sympi ka lama, kaba mut ka jingkoit jingkhiah suda? Kaei pat kaba kordor kat ka jingkyrkhu ban ïoh ïa ka jingkoit jingkhiah? Hato kane kam don ki symboh pyrkhat jinghikai ba sngewthiang kiba ngi ong ki ideals kaba ki khunkha ki nguh bad ïoh pdiang jingkyrkhu na ki meikha pakha? Lada ka long kumta, katei ka jingrwai haneng ka don ka literashor namar ka jingmutdur ïa kiei kiei kiba itynnad ka ai ruh ïa ki jinghikai kiba bha.

Khmih sa kane kawei ka jingrwai phawar kyoh mynthi ia ki shynrang bym don knup ban kup ha ka por slap ba rep lyngkha da kaba pynrem biria ba me ïoh kurim da ka bym nang thaiñ knup, namarkata me hap shah slap wat ha ka por lur masi. Ha ki kyntien Khat-ar Lyngdoh ki phawar kumne:

U Sohparu basuk basuk lei buh me ha lad luti
Ïoh chiku mar nang thaiñ knup shah slap me por lur masi.

Lane kumno ki samla shynrang ki rwai biria pynrem ïa ki samla kynthei ha ka por ïa trei rep bara kylliang sngi ha lyngkha. Ki ong ïa ki hana ba ki lapmiet ka peit shynrang haduh ba kim lap por shuh ban lum ïa ki skum kba ha lyngkha:

Khar khoit khoit u skum chi phi pynsah heh re duh ha I
 Mah u skum phi te sah klang im duh ba mah shynrang

Ki samla kynthei pat ki jubab bad haba sngap sngewbang hi ngai bad ka ïapler ïap-ang haba ki pynphai ktien da ki sur phawar ba ïalade ki shynrang ki buh kti ha u  mohkhiew katba ki khmat pat sha ki thei samla ba bhabriew:

Puh syon syon se lukai shynrang pynsah re uto u phlang
Mah yng ktien phi te khai ki blei im duh sharai kynthei

Sngap katno sngewtynnad bad ïoh jinghikai haba ki kynthei Raid Nongtham ki pynrem biria da ki sur phawar ha ka khwai doh ïa ka briew kaba kob sop ha shnong ha thaw.

Dohbyrthih kaba haw haw pha ha ktien hali
Sariah pha te haw shi haw ngat pha duh san tyrli

Haba phai pat sha lum, haw sngap ïa ka phawar rep ki nong Mynsei ka thaiñ Sohryngkham ha ka shohkba shohkhaw. Ka phawar kit kba ki Mawpyrshong, ka rukom bet kba ki Diengpasoh ha ka Dot Arkynda.

(Ka kylla sbai)

To liem nge wei lup nge wei Ha ka mon jong phei arkynda
Ban dap u thir bad dap u sup Haba mon phei Arkynda

 (Ynda la khie ka Dot)

Dot tynrew marew La tip ma phei ko Arkynda
Lup iwei liem phra Liem iwei lup phra
La tip ma phei ko Arkynda

Tang dep kane ka don sa ka Shad Wir kaba rah kti ïa risa kynhoi ïa biria pynrem sngewbha khlem ïamong ïathut da ki sur phawar. Uno uno uba rem katta nang ïa phawar pynrem shuh shuh tang ban ïakmen ïa sngewbha hadien ka shohkba shohkhaw. Ka phawar ka neh shimiet shiïa ïashai hui shi hui tang ka biria birai tang ïoh ïa khana myllen ha shnong ha thaw.

Ka long kumta, ki sur tynrai ki don ha ki ïa ki jinghikai kiba ïar ha ka longbriew manbriew. Kaei kaba ngi ïohkem hangto hangto haba ïohsngew ïa ki ka dei ka jinglong shisur bad jingshida. Kane ka ktik ia ka jingmut ki nongsngap ban jngi sha ki thwei ka mynnor kiba long ka tynrai jong ka jaitbynriew.